Hydrocarbon-burner.



PATENTED JULY-10, 1906.

J. P. BARKER. HYDROGARBON BURNER.

APPLIOATION FILED APILZB. 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. BARKER, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNQR TO GILBERT &BARKER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SPRING- FIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ACORPORATION.

HYDROOAR BON-BURNER- Specification of Letters Patent. 1

Application filed April 26, 1904. Serial No. 20%,767.

Patented July 10, 1906.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN F. BARKER, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at S ringfield, in the county of Hamp den and gtate ofMassachusetts, have invented new and useful Im rovements inHydrocarbonBurners, of which the follow ing is a specification.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon burners, and it relates especiallyto that class of burners in which air under pressure is used to atomizethe fuel. Burners of this type, which are, used to burn the heavieroils, require a relatively high airressure to pro erly atomize the oil,and t 's results .in t e formation at the burner-nozzle of a jet ofmixed air and Oil having a high initial velocity which draws against itandcarries with it such a volume of air that when fire is appliednocombustion takes place within several inches of the nozzle of theburner, and it is only when the jet has widened out considerably thatthe proper quantity of oxygen becomes incor orated with the hydrocarbonto ermit com ustion to take place. I

t is a well-established fact that the flame of one of the burners of thetype above described does not receive sufiicient oxygen to effect thecomplete combustion of the carbon in the fuel unless the flame berojected against some obstruction, where y it is broken up and a lar erarea thereof presented to the air permits the taking up of sufficientoxygen to completely consume the carbon, or substantially so. Thisblowing away of the point of ignition from the nozzle is due to'themrush of air of a relatively low temperature against the jet ofhydrocarbon'and air where it issues from the burner and at a oint wherethe jet is in its most compact orm, and this so reduces the temperatureof the jet as to hold the point of ignition at some distance from thepoint of theburner. The result of this condltion of course is theprojection on the longitudinal center of the jet of a mixture of air andatomized oil in which the proportion of air is deficient. The fact thatgood combustion is with this type of burner not economically obtainablewithout directing the jet of fuel against an-obstruc-.

tion prevents the use of this burner for many purposes to which itotherwise is well adapted; and the object of this invention is toproatomized oil, aside from the air used under pressure, may not only beincreased 1n quantity, but may be incorporated with the jet vide meanswhereby the supply of air to the i under such conditions as will insure.more perfect combustion and more eflicient and economical operation ofthe burner; and the invention consists in mounting uponthe burner nearthe nozzle end thereof a cone shaped mouthpiece in which the end of thenozzle is located at the .a ex, said mouthpiece having no opening terein for the admission of an at or near 1ts a ex, all of which is fullydescribed in the fol owing specification and clearly summarized in theclaim appended thereto, the invention being illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, which shows in side elevation,

herein with the invention applied thereto.

The burner shown. herein may be consid-' ered merely as t ical of thatclass of burners in which an un er pressure is used to volatil ize thehydrocarbon fuel.

Referring to the drawing, a indicates an air-pi e in which one or moreof the burners ma e placed, each of which is supplied wit air underpressure from this pipe. These burners-that is, the articular burnershown hereincomprise a ody I), having a threaded tubular extension 0communicating with the interior of the body and on which extension thecap d is screwed. The nozzle e of the burner projects through an o eningin the end of this cap, said nozzlehavmg the usual tapered form andbeing axially adjustable in the tubular extension 0. Into this nozzle,at the rear end thereof, is screwed a fpiple f of smaller diameter thanthe interior 0 t e tubular extension, which pipe communicates through aboss g on the ody with an oil-pi e h.

To adjust the delivery of: air relative to the nozzle e, the cap dismade rotatable, and as a matter of convenience this cap is provlded witha flan ed'end having gear-teeth 1' out therein, with which a pinion mmeshes, sard pinion being mounted on a rotatable rod 0, which extendsback toward 'the o1lp1pe, which permits a convenient adjustment of theburner. On the end of the cap (Z the cone-shaped mouthpice g is screwedor otherwise secured in such manner as will locate the artly In section,a hydrocarbon-burner of t e type referred to nozzle axially thereofsubstantially at the apexof this cone and in such manner as willprojected from the nozzle, 'may be drawn in through thejb mouthpiece.Preferab y the practically prevent the access of air to the jet exceptsuch as en end of the 9.131361 is lined I with some non-conductor ofheat, like. a besthe jet taking place asfar back asthe nozzle.

As a result of the establishment of this vacu- .um there will be aninflow of air, whose general direction is indicated by the arrows alongthe inner wall of the cone, these currents converging toward the apex ofthe latter, at which point they will be turned back upon themselves bythe force of the jet. After the burner has been lighted the Wallsof thecone become intensely heated, and the in flowing air becomes heated andexpanded and in this condition incorporates with the volatilized fuel ofthe Let much more freely and to such a degree at the point of ignitionwill run back almost to the point of the I nozzle. By thus effecting thewidening out of the flame from the point of its ignition and by causingthe flow of air against the flame toward the apex of the cone thehydrocarbon becomes associated with oxygen in such proportion that thecombustion of the carbon is carried to a high degree of perfection andthe flame is clean and white. It has been found in practice that theflame projected from a burner equip d with one of these cone-sha edmouthpleces may be projected into a tu e without causing the deposit ofcarbon on the interior thereof which shows clearly a decided advanceintart, for it has heretofore. been im ossible to make use'of an oil-burnerwithin the knowledge of the applicant for this particular purpose. Forexample, in the heating of singeing-tubes employed in the manufacture ofwoolen oods it has be found impracticable to use oi fue for the reasonthat the proper degree of heat could not be obtained without anobstruction for the flame t0 lmpmge against, and this preeluded the useof it in the singeing-tube, for the reason that it prevented the heatingof the latter beyond the obstruction, and for the obstruction to beeffective it was necessary to locate it about midway between the burnerand the tip of the flame, and \this would not heat a tube of sufficientlength to permit the use of this fuel, whereas by means of theconstruction shown and described herein a tube eight inches in diameterand ten feet long may be uniformly heated for almost its entire lengthby introducing the fuel axially thereof at one end of the tube.Heretofore it has been necessary to use gas to heat these singeing-tubesat a much greater expense than by the use of oil. It will be of courseunderstood to produce the air-currents in themouthpiece q such as havebeen herein described it is quite necessary that air should be entirelyexcluded from the cone at or near the apex thereof, to the end that thepartial vacuum created in the cone by the jet may not be neutralized.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States, is t A hydrocarbon-burner hav'man air-inlet pipe, a pipe conveying liquid fue and extending through theair-inlet pipe, an exteriorlythreaded extension connected with'theairmlet pipe, an exteriorly-threaded cap on the extension provided witha cone-shaped outlet and having gear-teeth cut in the exteriorsurfacethe'reof, a pinion engaging said teeth,

. a stem for rotating the pinion, a cone-shaped hood screwed onto theouter end of the cap and forming an air-tight oint therebetween,

the apex of the cone-shaped hood causing the the liquid-fuel-conveyingpipe having aair to flow into the cone and along the inner sides of thesame and be turned back u on itself by the flame in the cone as describep JOHN F. BARKER. Witnesses:

K, I. GL MoNs, WM. H. CHAPIN.

